JOURNAL OF EMERGING TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Teamwork and Organizational Performance of Pharmaceutical Firms in Anambra State, Nigeria

S.C. Akpudo, D.C. Ngige, O. E. Dim — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined teamwork and organizational performance of pharmaceutical firms in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study investigated the relationship between teamwork communication and financial performance; team trust and product performance of pharmaceutical firms in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated in line with the objectives. Relevant literature were reviewed. The study was anchored on Collaboration Relation Model. The study adopted the Survey research design. The population of this study comprises 1180 pharmaceutical firms in Anambra State, Nigeria. The statistical formula by Borg and Gall 1973 was employed to determine the sample size of 300. The instruments were subjected to face and content validity. The reliability of the questionnaire was established through the test-retest and Cronbachi’s Alpha. Simple percentage analysis was used in analyzing research question. OLS was used in analyzing the data collected include simple percentages and correlation analysis. Simple percentages analysis was use to analyze the research questions while Hypotheses for the study were tested using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation analyses. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between communication and financial performance of pharmaceutical firms in Anambra State, Nigeria (r= 0.903, p=0.000, p<0.5). There is a significant positive relationship between team trust and product performance of Pharmaceutical firms (r=0.763, p= 0.000 which p<0.001) .The study concluded that teamwork had a significant positive relationship with performance of pharmaceutical firms in Anambra State, Nigeria. The study recommended that management of pharmaceutical firms should emphasize a more effective communication focused-structure that promotes teamwork, enhance commitment and innovativeness, thereby facilitating employee performance. Organizations and their managements‘ should also make sure that there is team trust among employee through promotion and reward system that will not only reward individual efforts, but also team efforts.

Empirical Evaluation of the Public Debt Structure–GDP Growth Nexus in Nigeria

V. C. Obaro, V. N. Ezeabasili, B. U. Alajekwu — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of public debt structure on economic growth in Nigeria over the period 1990–2024. Specifically, it assessed the effects of domestic debt stock, external debt stock, total public debt-to-GDP ratio, and debt service payments on gross domestic product growth rate. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and used annual secondary data obtained from relevant publications of the Central Bank of Nigeria, the Debt Management Office, and the World Development Indicators. The data were analysed using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. The unit root results revealed a mixture of I(0) and I(1) variables, supporting the suitability of the ARDL approach. The bounds test confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship between public debt structure and economic growth. The results showed that domestic debt stock and debt service payments had significant negative effects on economic growth in the long run, while external debt stock had a significant positive effect. The total public debt-to-GDP ratio had a significant negative short-run effect but not statistically significant long-run effect. The error-correction term was negative and statistically significant, indicating adjustment towards long-run equilibrium. The study concludes that the effect of public debt on economic growth depends on its composition and management. It recommends prudent domestic borrowing, improved debt servicing capacity, productive utilisation of external loans, and stronger public debt management to promote economic growth in Nigeria

Modeling Fiscal Operations and Balance of Payments Positions Nexus in Nigeria

O. E. AGBOGUN, V. N. EZEABASILI, L. U. OKOYE — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Fiscal operations are essential tools of macroeconomic policy whereby governments generate revenue, spend public money, balance fiscal accounts and raise funds to repay public debts for stability purposes. In Nigeria, problems of balance of payments instability, import dependency, unstable revenues from crude oil exports and external borrowing have questioned the efficiency of fiscal operations for external sector stability. Despite the significance of fiscal policies, the degree of influence of selected fiscal indicators on Nigeria’s balance of payments has remained an empirical issue. This paper investigated the impact of government revenue, government expenditure, fiscal balance and public debt on Nigeria’s balance of payments position over the period from 1981 to 2024. The annual time series data were analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach. The results indicated that the effect of the combination of all fiscal operations was statistically significant on the balance of payments position. Government revenue had a negative and statistically significant effect, while government expenditure and fiscal balance had positive and statistically significant effects. Public debt had a positive but statistically insignificant effect, showing that the role of public debt in enhancing external sector performance was not well confirmed within the estimated model. From the results, it can be noted that the performance of the external sector of Nigeria is not only influenced by the size of the government but also the composition and effectiveness of the fiscal operations. Therefore, the paper recommends that there should be a diversification of the sources of non-oil revenue, channeling of public spending to areas that increase productive capacity and exports, and also the prudence in fiscal operations.

Do Cooperative Governance and Social Capital Condition the Climate Resilience Returns to Precision Agriculture? Moderation Evidence from Smallholder Cooperative Members in Ogun State, Nigeria

O. I. Owolabi, T. O. Abdulahi, A. N. Ofulume — Mon, 19 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Precision agricultural technologies are promoted as tools for climate adaptation, yet little is known about whether the organisations through which smallholders access them shape the resilience they obtain. We test whether cooperative governance quality and social capital moderate the association between the adoption of precision agricultural techniques (PAT: precision irrigation, nutrient management, pest control and weather forecasting) and self-assessed climate change resilience (CCR). We used a cross-sectional survey of 357 members of 24 agricultural cooperatives from the four agricultural zones of Ogun State, Nigeria (92.97% response rate) and estimated a hierarchical moderated regression with mean-centred predictors. PAT adoption (B = .431, β = .463) and a combined governance and social-capital index (B = .218, β = .303) were each positively associated with resilience, and together with the interaction explained 41.0% of its variance. The PAT × governance/social-capital interaction was positive and statistically significant (B = .162, 95% CI [.033, .290], p = .014) but small, adding 1.0% of explained variance (Cohen’s f² ≈ .02). The estimated resilience slope of PAT rises from .431 at average institutional quality to .593 one scale point above it. The results are consistent with, but do not demonstrate, an institutional conversion mechanism, and the interaction is modest relative to the cluster-sampling and common-method concerns we discuss. For policy, public and donor support for precision agriculture in cooperatives should pair technology access with investment in the accountable management of shared assets and in member trust.

Which Receptive Behaviours Pay? Dimension-Specific Entrepreneurial Receptiveness and Members’ Wealth Creation in Nigerian Cooperative Societies

A. N. Ofulume, T. O. Abdulahi, O. I. Owolabi — Sat, 17 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose – Cooperatives are expected to turn membership into enterprise growth. Yet, members with the same access to services gain unequally, and it is not known which member behaviours are associated with which forms of wealth. This study examines how five dimensions of members’ entrepreneurial receptiveness relate to five paired wealth-creation outcomes. Design/methodology/approach – Hypotheses were derived from a member-level conceptual framework. A cross-sectional survey in August 2026 covered 289 registered members of multipurpose cooperatives in Anambra State, Nigeria (stratified random sample; 89.2% returned). Five ten-item Likert batteries were analysed with five simple linear regressions. Findings – All five dimensions were positively and significantly associated with their paired outcomes (R = .339 to .440; R² = 11.5 to 19.3 per cent; p < .001). Innovation adaptability and job creation were the strongest associations, and active listening and income growth the weakest, but the confidence intervals overlap, so no ranking is claimed. One standard deviation more receptiveness corresponded to about 0.17 to 0.23 points per outcome item. Research limitations/implications – Data are self-reported, cross-sectional and bivariate, so the associations probably overstate any causal effect. The results support a dimension-specific view of member entrepreneurial orientation and make enactment and contextual conditions the next theoretical priority. Practical implications – Training can be targeted at specific behaviours, but returns should be expected to be modest unless it is paired with finance and market support. Originality/value – The study offers a justified member-level framework and reports effect sizes and practical significance

Performance Monitoring and Performance Evaluation on Academic Sustainability of Public Universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria

I. C. Ilechukwu, A. N. Onuorah, M. N. Okeke, A. C. Obinwune — Sun, 18 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the performance monitoring and performance evaluation on academic sustainability of public universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to: assess the relationship between performance monitoring and Well-being; and analyze the relationship between performance evaluation and security stability sustainability of public universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria. Survey research method was used in this study. The sources of data for this research were mainly primary data set. The population comprised 13,011 academic staff from four public universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria. The sample size consisted of 373 academic staff, determined using the statistical formula devised by Krejcie and Morgan, of which 354 valid responses were used for the final analysis. The researcher employed Online (Google form) structured questionnaire as the method of data collection. The study found that; Performance evaluation positively correlates with security and stability sustainability of public universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria (r = 743, p-value = 0.000 p<0.05). There is a significant positive relationship between performance monitoring and well-being sustainability of public universities in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria (r = 955, p-value = 0.000, p<0.05). The study concludes that, performance management is an important institutional mechanism for promoting the sustainability of public universities. Both performance evaluation and performance monitoring demonstrated positive and statistically significant relationships with the identified dimensions of academic sustainability, It was recommended public universities should conduct regular performance evaluations to ensure security and stability sustainability. Universities should establish a systematic performance monitoring framework to promote well-being sustainability.

Accommodating, Compromising and Collaborating Behaviours as Determinants of Employee Performance of Rice Mills in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria

E. O. Ilegbune, G. C. Mgbemena, W. Gbenga — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of accommodating behaviour, compromising behaviour and collaborating behaviour on the employee performance of rice mills in Anambra and Enugu States, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to determine the effect of accommodating behaviour on employee performance, to examine the effect of compromising behaviour on employee performance, and to evaluate the effect of collaborating behaviour on employee performance of rice mills in Anambra and Enugu States. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised 1,345 employees of four rice mills, namely Cosharis Rice Mills, Anambra Rice Mills Ltd., Adani Rice Integrated Resources Ltd. and Umejit Rice Mill Manufacturing, Ugbawka, from which a sample size of 262 employees was determined using the Borg and Gall formula and selected through simple random sampling. The instrument was validated for content validity by experts in management, and reliability was established through the test-retest method with a Spearman's Rank Order Correlation coefficient of 0.84. Out of the 262 copies of the questionnaire distributed, 242 copies (92.4%) were correctly completed and used for analysis. The three hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 23 at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that accommodating behaviour, compromising behaviour and collaborating behaviour each have a positive and significant effect on employee performance of rice mills in Anambra and Enugu States, with collaborating behaviour being the strongest predictor. The study concluded that the way conflicts are managed in rice mills is not incidental to, but forms a genuine determinant of, how well employees perform their duties. It was recommended, among others, that management of rice mills should institutionalize collaborating behaviour through joint problem-solving committees and open dialogue forums, that rice mill managers should formally adopt compromising as a frontline approach to settling disputes over wages, working conditions, resource allocation.

Organizational Culture and Performance of Plastic Manufacturing Firms in Anambra State

O. P. NWOSU, D. C. NGIGE, M. N. OKEKE, G. N. DIKE — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined relationship between organizational culture and performance of manufacturing firms in Anambra State. The study had two objectives, was tested two hypotheses. The study adopted the correlational research design. The population of the study comprised 3185 employees in plastic manufacturing firms in Anambra State. The sample size for the study was three hundred and fifty-five (355). The sample size was obtained using Taro Yamane’s sample size determination formula. The data collection instrument is a structured questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, with an average value of 0.87which was considered reliable for the study. A face-to-face data collection method was employed to obtain information from respondents. The data collected from the demographic data of the respondents were analysed with simple percentage. The research questions were answered with Pearson Product Moment Correlation. On the other hand, the hypotheses were tested with Pearson Product Moment Correlation at 0.05 significant level. The study found that organizational culture significantly influences performance outcomes in manufacturing firms in Anambra State. Clan culture enhances customer satisfaction through supportive relationships and collaborative practices, while adhocracy culture drives productivity via innovation and adaptability. It was concluded that organizational culture significantly influences performance outcomes in manufacturing firms in Anambra State. Based on the findings, it was recommended that manufacturing firms should strengthen clan culture by fostering a supportive and collaborative work environment that encourages teamwork, open communication, and employee empowerment. Organizations should promote adhocracy culture by investing in research and development, encouraging creativity, and supporting innovation-driven practices.

Practical Delivery of Entrepreneurship Education and Perceived Work Readiness among DELSU Graduates: Implications for Curriculum and Skills Development

P. M KAPPE, S. O. OGHAJU — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined whether graduates who rated the practical delivery of their entrepreneurship education more favourably also rated themselves as more ready for work. It is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of existing questionnaire responses from 100 graduates of Delta State University, Abraka (DELSU), 2023/2024 session, who were selected through purposive and convenience sampling; the same responses were used in a related study. The two dimentions used are perceived practical delivery of entrepreneurship education and graduates’ perceptions of the adequacy of practical training tools and facilities. Perceived practical delivery was a five-item composite (α = .83; M = 3.69, SD = 0.86) and perceived work readiness a seven-item self-reported composite (α = .88; M = 4.38, SD = 0.49). The two composites were positively associated (Pearson r = .30, 95% CI [.10, .46], p = .003; Spearman ρ = .35, p < .001). In a simple linear regression, a one-point higher practical-delivery score corresponded to a work-readiness score 0.17 points higher (HC3 95% CI [0.04, 0.30]; R² = .087). A single questionnaire item on the adequacy of tools and facilities for practical vocational training had the lowest agreement (64%) and the strongest item-level rank correlation with work readiness (ρ = .39, p < .001). The findings are correlational, rest on self-reports with near-ceiling readiness ratings, and describe these respondents only. They suggest that practical resources merit attention in Business Administration curriculum review.

Work-Life Balance and Entrepreneurial Performance of Female Owned SMEs in Anambra State

D. M. Ezeobi, C. J. Nwangwu — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

The study examined the effect of work-life balance on entrepreneurial performance women-owned SMEs in Anambra State. The objective of the study was to: Ascertain the effect of flexible scheduling on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs, Evaluate the effect of employee assistance on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs , Evaluate the effect of work environment on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs. The study adopted a survey research design, using structured questionnaires to collect primary data from owners and managers of SMEs in major commercial centers, including Nnewi, Onitsha, and Awka. The sources of data for this research were mainly primary data. The population of the study consists of four thousand, six hundred and ninety-nine (4,629), while the sample size of eight hundred and ninety (890) was derived using the Taro Yamane formular, however eight hundred and seventy-three (873) was returned for the analysis. Percentage table and analysis of variance were used in this study. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was employed in the analysis of data. Flexible schduling have significant positive effect on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs in Anambra State (t=, 4.311, p=,..028). Employee assistance have significant positive effect on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs in Anambra State (t=, 3.326, p=,.000). Work environment have significant positive effect on entrepreneurial performance in women-owned SMEs in Anambra State (t=, 3.841, p=,..000). The study concludes that effective work-life balance practices contribute significantly to entrepreneurial performance among women-owned SMEs in Anambra State Women entrepreneurs should consider flexible working hours, shift adjustments and reasonable scheduling of preferred days off where business operations permit. Business owners should provide appropriate support to employees experiencing personal, family or work-related difficulties.

Moderating Effect of Audit Committee Expertise on the Relationship Between Risk Management and Financial Stability of Quoted Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

P. A. Adebayo, M. M. Naburgi, A A. Musedeek — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the moderating effect of audit committee expertise on the relationship between risk management and financial stability of quoted deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto research design and analysed secondary data from all thirteen quoted deposit money banks over the period 2015–2024. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was employed for dynamic panel estimation to address endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and autocorrelation. Results indicate that credit risk management has a significant negative effect on financial stability, while market risk management has a significant positive effect. Operational risk management is marginally negative, and liquidity risk management is positive but insignificant. Audit committee expertise strengthens the effect of operational risk management but weakens the impact of market risk management. No significant moderation is observed for credit or liquidity risks. The study concludes that risk management practices, particularly market and operational risk controls, are critical for bank stability, and the effectiveness of audit committee oversight varies across risk domains. It is recommended that banks enhance transparency in risk disclosures, strengthen operational risk oversight through skilled audit committees, and implement proactive market risk strategies while balancing governance conservatism.

Physical, Health and Safety, and Job Design Conditions as Determinants of Employee Productivity of Polytechnics in Imo and Anambra States, Nigeria

U. I. Shagari, S. I. Mbah, W. Gbenga — Wed, 07 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0000

This study examined the effect of work conditions on employee productivity of polytechnics in Imo and Anambra States, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to assess the effect of physical work condition on knowledge transfer, to examine the effect of health and safety condition on teaching effectiveness, and to evaluate the effect of job design condition on intrinsic motivation of staff of polytechnics in Imo and Anambra States. The study was anchored on Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory and the Job Demands-Resources model; adopted a descriptive survey design. The population comprised 2,992 academic staff of four polytechnics, namely; Federal Polytechnic Nekede, Federal Polytechnic Oko, Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu, and Imo State Polytechnic, Omuma, from which a sample size of 341 was determined using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula and allocated proportionately using Bowley's (1926) formula. The instrument was subjected to face, content and construct validity by experts, and reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha, with coefficients ranging from 0.868 to 0.885. Out of the 341 copies of the questionnaire distributed, 321 copies (94.1%) were correctly completed and used for analysis. The three hypotheses were tested using simple linear regression analysis with the aid of SPSS Version 23 at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that physical work condition has a positive significant effect on knowledge transfer, health and safety condition has a positive significant effect on teaching effectiveness, and job design condition has a positive significant effect on intrinsic motivation of polytechnics in Imo and Anambra States, with health and safety condition being the strongest predictor (R² = 0.324). The study concluded that favourable work conditions are not incidental to, but constitute a genuine determinant of, employee productivity in Nigerian polytechnics. It was recommended, among others, that polytechnic management should prioritize the provision and regular maintenance of functional classrooms, teaching equipment and office facilities, strengthen health safety and regular performance feedback.